Learn about a sentence pattern that will allow you to ask why someone feels the way they do
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| INTRODUCTION |
| David: Welcome to cantoneseclass101.com. I am David. |
| Melody: 大家好，我係Melody。(daai6 gaa1 hou2 ，ngo5 hai6 Melody 。) |
| David: And today we are here with intermediate season 1, Lesson 11. Dealing with a Frustrating Chinese Classmate. |
| Melody: 唔，呢個對話入面呢應該係個女仔好似同個男仔抱怨緊隔離班個 Elaine。(m4 ，ni1 go3 deoi3 waa6 jap6 min6 ne1 jing1 goi1 hai6 go3 neoi5 zai2 hou2 ci3 tung4 go3 naam4 zai2 pou5 jyun3 gan2 gaak3 lei4 baan1 go3 Elaine 。) |
| David: Yeah and she is a piece of work. And this is a really tricky dialogue here because a lot of this is really colloquial Cantonese. |
| Melody: 冇錯，如果你想同香港人呢可以打成一片呢，我諗呢個對話應該好有用。(mou5 co3 ，jyu4 gwo2 nei5 soeng2 tung4 hoeng1 gong2 jan4 ne1 ho2 ji5 daa2 sing4 jat1 pin3 ne1 ，ngo5 lam2 ni1 go3 deoi3 waa6 jing1 goi1 hou2 jau5 jung6 。) |
| David: Yeah. So let’s get to the dialogue now. |
| DIALOGUE |
| A: 你做乜嬲爆爆咁？(A: nei5 zou6 mat1 nau1 baau3 baau3 gam2 ?) |
| B: 隔離班個Elaine又踩我。(B: gaak3 lei4 baan1 go3 Elain jau6 caai2 ngo5.) |
| A: 當佢發噏瘋，佢成日牙擦擦。(A: dong3 keoi5 faat3 ap1 fung1, keoi5 sing4 jat6 ngaa4 caat3 caat3.) |
| B: 不過佢的確又叻又靚⋯⋯ (B: bat2 gwo3 keoi5 dik1 kok3 jau6 lek1 jau6 leng3...) |
| A: 佢踩你乜？(A: keoi5 caai2 nei5 mat1 ?) |
| B: 佢話我影印份資料都做唔好。(B: keoi5 waa6 ngo5 jing2 jan3 fan6 zi1 liu2 dou1 zou6 m4 hou2.) |
| A: 佢有口話人，冇口話自己。(A: keoi5 jau5 hau2 waa6 jan4, mou5 hau2 waa6 zi6 gei2.) |
| David: Once more, a bit slower. |
| A: 你做乜嬲爆爆咁？(A: nei5 zou6 mat1 nau1 baau3 baau3 gam2 ?) |
| B: 隔離班個Elaine又踩我。(B: gaak3 lei4 baan1 go3 Elain jau6 caai2 ngo5.) |
| A: 當佢發噏瘋，佢成日牙擦擦。(A: dong3 keoi5 faat3 ap1 fung1, keoi5 sing4 jat6 ngaa4 caat3 caat3.) |
| B: 不過佢的確又叻又靚⋯⋯(B: bat2 gwo3 keoi5 dik1 kok3 jau6 lek1 jau6 leng3...) |
| A: 佢踩你乜？(A: keoi5 caai2 nei5 mat1 ?) |
| B: 佢話我影印份資料都做唔好。(B: keoi5 waa6 ngo5 jing2 jan3 fan6 zi1 liu2 dou1 zou6 m4 hou2.) |
| A: 佢有口話人，冇口話自己。(A: keoi5 jau5 hau2 waa6 jan4, mou5 hau2 waa6 zi6 gei2.) |
| David: And now, with the English translation. |
| A: 你做乜嬲爆爆咁？(A: nei5 zou6 mat1 nau1 baau3 baau3 gam2 ?) |
| A: Why do you look so angry? |
| B: 隔離班個Elaine又踩我。(B: gaak3 lei4 baan1 go3 Elain jau6 caai2 ngo5.) |
| B: Elaine from our neighboring class criticized me again. |
| A: 當佢發噏瘋，佢成日牙擦擦。(A: dong3 keoi5 faat3 ap1 fung1, keoi5 sing4 jat6 ngaa4 caat3 caat3.) |
| A: Take it as nonsense! She's always bragging about herself. |
| B: 不過佢的確又叻又靚⋯⋯(B: bat2 gwo3 keoi5 dik1 kok3 jau6 lek1 jau6 leng3...) |
| B: But she IS smart and pretty... |
| A: 佢踩你乜？(A: keoi5 caai2 nei5 mat1 ?) |
| A: What did she say to you? |
| B: 佢話我影印份資料都做唔好。(B: keoi5 waa6 ngo5 jing2 jan3 fan6 zi1 liu2 dou1 zou6 m4 hou2.) |
| B: She said I couldn't even handle things like copying materials. |
| A: 佢有口話人，冇口話自己。(A: keoi5 jau5 hau2 waa6 jan4, mou5 hau2 waa6 zi6 gei2.) |
| A: She only knows how to criticize others but never criticizes herself. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Melody: David, 我覺得個女仔應該係好嬲咁樣一路喺度抱怨緊 Elaine。(ngo5 gok3 dak1 go3 neoi5 zai2 jing1 goi1 hai6 hou2 nau1 gam2 joeng2 jat1 lou6 hai2 dou6 pou5 jyun3 gan2 Elaine 。) |
| David: Yeah. I think what’s interesting about this dialogue is, all of the casual, casual Cantonese here. |
| Melody: 冇錯。(mou5 co3 。) |
| David: Right. This is really, really native local Cantonese that we are hearing. |
| Melody: 係呀! 可能只有香港人先聽得明。(hai6 aa3 ! ho2 nang4 zi2 jau5 hoeng1 gong2 jan4 sin1 teng1 dak1 ming4 。) |
| VOCAB LIST |
| David: Okay. So let’s get on to our vocab section now. Melody, what’s our vocab for today’s lesson? |
| Melody: 嬲爆爆。(nau1 baau3 baau3。) |
| David: To be really angry. |
| Melody: 嬲 爆 爆, 嬲爆爆, 隔離。(nau1 baau3 baau3, nau1 baau3 baau3, gaak3 lei4。) |
| David: Neighbor. |
| Melody: 隔 離, 隔離, 踩。(gaak3 lei4, gaak3 lei4, caai2。) |
| David: To criticize. |
| Melody: 踩, 踩, 發噏風。(caai2, caai2, faat3 ap1 fung1。) |
| David: To talk nonsense. |
| Melody: 發 噏 風, 發噏風, 牙擦擦。(faat3 ap1 fung1, faat3 ap1 fung1, ngaa4 caat3 caat3。) |
| David: To brag. |
| Melody: 牙 擦 擦, 牙擦擦, 成日。(ngaa4 caat3 caat3, ngaa4 caat3 caat3, sing4 jat6。) |
| David: Always. |
| Melody: 成 日, 成日, 影印。(sing4 jat6, sing4 jat6, jing2 jan3。) |
| David: To photocopy. |
| Melody: 影 印, 影印, 做唔好。(jing2 jan3, jing2 jan3, zou6 m4 hou2。) |
| David: Not to do well. |
| Melody: 做 唔 好, 做唔好, 有口話人 冇口話自己。(zou6 m4 hou2, zou6 m4 hou2, jau5 hau2 waa6 jan4, mou5 hau2 waa6 zi6 gei2。) |
| David: To criticize others but not oneself. |
| Melody: 有口話人 冇口話自己, 有口話人 冇口話自己。(jau5 hau2 waa6 jan4, mou5 hau2 waa6 zi6 gei2, jau5 hau2 waa6 jan4, mou5 hau2 waa6 zi6 gei2。) |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| David: Okay. Let’s take a closer look at some of these words and phrases. Our first word is |
| Melody: 嬲爆爆。(nau1 baau3 baau3 。) |
| David: To be really angry. |
| Melody: 嬲爆爆。(nau1 baau3 baau3 。) |
| David: To explode in anger really. |
| Melody: 冇錯，其實嬲即係好生氣，但係嬲可以單用。( mou5 co3 ，kei4 sat6 nau1 zik1 hai6 hou2 saang1 hei3 ，daan6 hai6 nau1 ho2 ji5 daan1 jung6 。) |
| David: Right and used alone, it means to get angry. |
| Melody: 冇錯，譬如話唔好嬲啦！我唔係有心㗎！(mou5 co3 ，pei3 jyu4 waa6 m4 hou2 nau1 laa1 ！ngo5 m4 hai6 jau5 sam1 gaa3 ！) |
| David: Right. That would be the sentence, don’t be angry, I didn’t do it on purpose. |
| Melody: 唔好嬲啦！我唔係有心㗎！(m4 hou2 nau1 laa1 ！ngo5 m4 hai6 jau5 sam1 gaa3 ！) |
| David: Don’t be angry, I didn’t do this on purpose. Don’t be angry, I didn’t do this on purpose but here we are not just using the verb alone. |
| Melody: 係呀！我哋後面加咗 爆爆, 爆係表示爆炸。(hai6 aa3 ！ngo5 dei6 hau6 min6 gaa1 zo2 baau3 baau3 , baau3 hai6 biu2 si6 baau3 zaa3 。) |
| David: Right. It means to explode. |
| Melody: 所以可想而知嬲爆爆就係嬲到極點嗰種。(so2 ji5 ho2 soeng2 ji4 zi1 nau1 baau3 baau3 zau6 hai6 nau1 dou3 gik6 dim2 go2 zung2 。 |
| David: Yeah. You are so angry, you are exploding. |
| Melody: 冇錯，嬲爆爆，譬如話你嬲爆爆咁樣，邊個都唔敢靠近你啦！(mou5 co3 ，nau1 baau3 baau3 ，pei3 jyu4 waa6 nei5 nau1 baau3 baau3 gam2 joeng2 ，bin1 go3 dou1 m4 gam2 kaau3 gan6 nei5 laa1 ！) |
| David: If you are always exploding in anger, who is going to get near you. |
| Melody: 你嬲爆爆咁樣，邊個都唔敢靠近你啦！(nei5 nau1 baau3 baau3 gam2 joeng2 ，bin1 go3 dou1 m4 gam2 kaau3 gan6 nei5 laa1 ！) |
| David: If you are always getting so angry that you are exploding on people, who is going to get near you? |
| Melody: David，我覺得下一個有意思嘅詞係 牙擦擦。(ngo5 gok3 dak1 haa6 jat1 go3 jau5 ji3 si1 ge3 ci4 hai6 ngaa4 caat3 caat3 。) |
| David: That means to brag. |
| Melody: 牙擦擦。(ngaa4 caat3 caat3 。) |
| David: To brag, to show off, to maybe be a bit stubborn about things. |
| Melody: 係呀！(hai6 aa3 ！) |
| David: Right. This is a tricky one. It’s – this is a really, really native local Hong Kong expression. |
| Melody: 冇錯，即係形容人自以為是，淨係成日識得話人。(mou5 co3 ，zik1 hai6 jing4 jung4 jan4 zi6 ji5 wai4 si6 ，zing6 hai6 sing4 jat6 sik1 dak1 waa6 jan4 。) |
| David: Yeah. Let’s hear this in an example sentence. |
| Melody: 佢識講唔識做，牙擦擦咁 好乞人憎。(keoi5 sik1 gong2 m4 sik1 zou6 ，ngaa4 caat3 caat3 gam2 hou2 hat1 jan4 zang1 。) |
| David: So that means he only talks about things and he never does stuff. He is a braggart and no one likes him. |
| Melody: 佢識講唔識做，牙擦擦咁好乞人憎。(keoi5 sik1 gong2 m4 sik1 zou6 ，ngaa4 caat3 caat3 gam2 hou2 hat1 jan4 zang1 。) |
| David: Right. So this is a really negative word. We are using it to criticize someone in the sentence. |
| Melody:冇錯。(mou5 co3 。) |
| David: Right. He only talks about stuff. He never does it, he is a braggart. No one likes him. |
| Melody: 唔, 好乞人憎。下一個例子係 佢成日都牙擦擦, 到處踩人。(m4 , hou2 hat1 jan4 zang1 。haa6 jat1 go3 lai6 zi2 hai6 keoi5 sing4 jat6 dou1 ngaa4 caat3 caat3 , dou3 cyu3 caai2 jan4 。) |
| David: He is always bragging and putting down others. |
| Melody: 佢成日都牙擦擦, 到處踩人。(keoi5 sing4 jat6 dou1 ngaa4 caat3 caat3 , dou3 cyu3 caai2 jan4 。) |
| David: Right. So it’s bragging. You know, you are putting yourself up in the same way that you might be putting someone down. |
| Melody: 係呀！其中有個字 踩。(hai6 aa3 ！kei4 zung1 jau5 go3 zi6 caai2 。) |
| David: To criticize. |
| Melody: 踩。(caai2 。) |
| David: To criticize. |
| Melody: 喺呢度 踩嘅意思唔係真係用隻腳去踩人，而係話用語言去攻擊。(hai2 ni1 dou6 caai2 ge3 ji3 si1 m4 hai6 zan1 hai6 jung6 zek3 goek3 heoi3 caai2 jan4 ，ji4 hai6 waa6 jung6 jyu5 jin4 heoi3 gung1 gik1 。) |
| David: Yeah. So if our earlier word – right. So whereas earlier, we were bragging and we were putting ourselves up, here you are really stepping on someone or putting them down. |
| Melody: 冇錯, 踩。(mou5 co3 , caai2 。) |
| David: Yeah but as Melody said it’s rhetorical and you are not actually stepping on someone. |
| Melody: Right. |
| David: Right. Let’s have some example sentences. |
| Melody: 你咁踩佢法 佢一定記恨於你。(nei5 gam2 caai2 keoi5 faat3 keoi5 jat1 ding6 gei3 han6 jyu1 nei5 。) |
| David: If you criticize him, he will resent it for sure. |
| Melody: 你咁踩佢法 佢一定記恨於你。(nei5 gam2 caai2 keoi5 faat3 keoi5 jat1 ding6 gei3 han6 jyu1 nei5 。) |
| David: If you criticize him, he will resent it for sure. This brings us to our next word which means to talk nonsense. |
| Melody: 發噏風。(faat3 ngap1 fung1 。) |
| David: To talk nonsense. |
| Melody: 發噏風。(faat3 ngap1 fung1 。) |
| David: Right. Tell us a bit about this word Melody. |
| Melody: 唔，我比你個例子，譬如話佢成日發噏瘋，個個都好憎佢。(m4 ，ngo5 bei2 nei5 go3 lai6 zi2 ，pei3 jyu4 waa6 keoi5 sing4 jat6 faat3 ngap1 fung1 ，go3 go3 dou1 hou2 zang1 keoi5 。) |
| David: Right. So this is – it’s kind of like bragging as well. |
| Melody: 係, 冇錯。(hai6 , mou5 co3 。) |
| David: Right. You are putting yourself up but there is nothing behind it. So that meant, he is always talking nonsense, no one likes him. |
| Melody: 佢成日都發噏瘋，個個都好憎佢。(keoi5 sing4 jat6 dou1 faat3 ngap1 fung1 ，go3 go3 dou1 hou2 zang1 keoi5 。) |
| David: Yeah. He is always putting himself up and showing off, but there is nothing behind it. So no one likes him. |
| Melody: 可能係個癲佬？(ho2 nang4 hai6 go3 din1 lou2 ？) |
| David: Right. So our vocab today, really colloquial stuff describing people who are putting themselves up or putting other people down. |
| Melody: 係呀！冇錯。(hai6 aa3 ！mou5 co3 。) |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| David: With that, let’s get to our grammar section. It’s grammar time. Our grammar point today is about this pattern. |
| Melody: 做咩...咁。(zou6 me1 ...gam2 。) |
| David: We hear this in this line in our dialogue. |
| Melody: 你做咩嬲爆爆咁？(nei5 zou6 me1 nau1 baau3 baau3 gam2 ？) |
| David: Why do you look so angry? |
| Melody: 你做咩嬲爆爆咁？(nei5 zou6 me1 nau1 baau3 baau3 gam2 ？) |
| David: Right. So Melody, tell us a bit about this structure? |
| Melody: 做咩...咁。 我哋可以加個動詞，或者係程度喺佢哋中間。(zou6 me1… gam2 。 ngo5 dei6 ho2 ji5 gaa1 go3 dung6 ci4 ，waak6 ze2 hai6 cing4 dou6 hai2 keoi5 dei6 zung1 gaan1 。) |
| David: Right. So we put a verb phrase in the middle and the verb phrase is, it’s about a degree of emotion usually like to explode in anger. We’ve got some really simple examples of this pattern with these verb phrases in them. |
| Melody: 做咩攰成咁？(zou6 me1 gui6 sing4 gam2 ？) |
| David: Why are you so tired? |
| Melody: 做咩攰成咁？(zou6 me1 gui6 sing4 gam2 ？) |
| David: Why so tired? |
| Melody: 做咩牙擦擦咁？(zou6 me1 ngaa4 caat3 caat3 gam2 ？) |
| David: Why so self centered? |
| Melody: 做咩牙擦擦咁？(zou6 me1 ngaa4 caat3 caat3 gam2 ？) |
| David: Right. Why do you keep putting yourself up like this? |
| Melody: 做咩眼濕濕咁？(zou6 me1 ngaan5 sap1 sap1 gam2 ？) |
| David: Maybe you are watching a movie with someone. |
| Melody: 冇錯。(mou5 co3 。) |
| David: Why are you crying? It’s an action movie. |
| Melody: 做咩眼濕濕咁？(zou6 me1 ngaan5 sap1 sap1 gam2 ？) |
| David: Yeah. Why so many tears. So all of these, they are verb phrases that are really emotional. |
| Melody: 係呀！冇錯。(hai6 aa3 ！mou5 co3 。) |
| David: Right. |
| Melody: 所以 做咩...咁 係一個問句, 我哋可以用另外一個詞去代替，點解....咁? (so2 ji5 zou6 me1 ...gam2 hai6 jat1 go3 man6 geoi3 , ngo5 dei6 ho2 ji5 jung6 ling6 ngoi6 jat1 go3 ci4 heoi3 doi6 tai3 ，dim2 gaai2 ....gam2 ?) |
| David: Right. This is another way of saying the same thing. |
| Melody: 點解....咁? (dim2 gaai2 ....gam2 ?) |
| David: And we can use these two patterns interchangeably. |
| Melody: 冇錯, 佢哋係完全一樣嘅。(mou5 co3 , keoi5 dei6 hai6 jyun4 cyun4 jat1 joeng6 ge3 。) |
| David: Right. Let’s hear our previous three sentences with this new pattern. |
| Melody: 點解 攰成咁？(dim2 gaai2 gui6 sing4 gam2 ？) |
| David: Why so tired. |
| Melody: 點解 牙擦擦咁？(dim2 gaai2 ngaa4 caat3 caat3 gam2 ？) |
| David: Why so full of yourself? |
| Melody: 點解 眼濕濕咁？(dim2 gaai2 ngaan5 sap1 sap1 gam2 ？) |
| David: Why so many tears? |
| Melody: 冇錯。(mou5 co3 。) |
| David: Right. So our grammar focus today has been two simple patterns. |
| Melody: 做咩...咁? (zou6 me1 ...gam2 ?) |
| David: And |
| Melody: 點解....咁? (dim2 gaai2 ....gam2 ?) |
| David: Use these when you want to ask why are you feeling so emotional. |
| Melody: 係呀！呢個句子好有用。(hai6 aa3 ！ni1 go3 geoi3 zi2 hou2 jau5 jung6 。) |
| David: Yeah and remember that you want to use it with verb phrases that communicate an extreme of emotion like |
| Melody: 唔, 做咩眼濕濕咁？(m4 , zou6 me1 ngaan5 sap1 sap1 gam2 ？) |
| David: Or |
| Melody: 做咩眼濕濕咁？(zou6 me1 ngaan5 sap1 sap1 gam2 ？) |
| David: Or |
| Melody: 點解 牙擦擦咁？(dim2 gaai2 ngaa4 caat3 caat3 gam2 ？) |
Outro |
| David: Right. So that’s all the time we have in our show for today. Thank you very much for listening. I am David. |
| Melody: 我係Melody。(ngo5 hai6 Melody 。) |
| David: And we will see you on the site. |
| Melody: 希望下次再見。(hei1 mong6 haa6 ci3 zoi3 gin3 。) |
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